Brazil Studies & Reference Tools

Resources to help with your philatelic research -- or perhaps pique your interest.

Studies of Classic Issues

• "Bull's Eyes:" The First Stamps of Brazil, by Dr. José Kloke
  Classic study of Brazil's first issue.
  
  
• Tintureiro Inverts, by Ken Deaver
  Survey of six varieties of inverted frames found in Brazil's issue of 1891.
  
  
• Tintureiro Marginal Markings, by Ken Deaver
  Well-illustrated study describing another type of variation in Brazil's issue of 1891.
  

Fakes and Forgeries

• Brazil - Early Forgeries, Facsimiles & Postal Counterfeits, by Stephen Rose
  Award-winning exhibit by long-time BPA President Steve Rose. Read an interview about this exhibit.

Brazil "Look-a-Likes"

• Identifying Brazilian Look-a-Likes, by James A. Dingler
  This will help you make sense of all those Brazilian definitives issued 1918-1940 that look the same.

Postal Rates

• The Brazilian Empire: An Introduction to the Study of Internal Postage Franking, by Klerman Wanderley Lopes
  Provides details of domestic postal rates in Brazil, 1798-1880.
  
  
• Postal Conventions Between Brazil and Other Countries, by Klerman Wanderley Lopes
  Provides postal rates between Brazil and other countries (1808-1880) prior to their entry into the Universal Postal Union UPU).
  
  

Other Postal History

• Foreign Cancels on Brazil Empire Stamps
  (by Klerman Wanderley Lopes) PDF
  
  
• The History of a Letter
  (by Klerman Wanderley Lopes)